When can ATC issue a STAR?

ATC can issue a Standard Terminal Arrival Route (STAR) whenever they determine it is appropriate for managing air traffic. This decision is based on several factors, including traffic volumes, weather conditions, and the efficiency of arriving flights to the airport.

While pilots can certainly request a STAR, ATC retains the authority to determine when it is suitable to utilize these procedures. This flexibility is essential for maintaining an orderly and safe flow of air traffic, particularly in busy airspace.

The other options do not accurately reflect the workflow of air traffic control. Issuing a STAR is not solely dependent on a pilot's request or limited to initial clearances. Additionally, the issuance of STARs is not confined to inclement weather; they are an operational tool in various circumstances for efficient traffic management.