During an instrument precision approach, what does terrain and obstacle clearance depend on?

During an instrument precision approach, terrain and obstacle clearance is primarily dependent on adherence to the minimum altitude shown on the Instrument Approach Procedure (IAP). The minimum altitudes specified in the IAP are established to ensure safe clearance above obstacles and terrain in the approach path. These altitudes account for the specific geography and obstacles that may be present, providing the necessary vertical separation needed for safe flight during the approach phase.

By following these prescribed minimum altitudes, pilots ensure that they maintain sufficient clearance from hazardous terrain and obstacles, thereby reducing the risks associated with flying in low visibility conditions. This systematic adherence to altitude guidelines is critical for the safety of the flight, especially in areas where terrain and obstacles are not easily visible or identifiable.